2018翻碩考研:英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)筆記lesson4(1)
1、abdicate(vt)formally relinquish (power,a high official position)正式放棄(權(quán)力、高 位)
He has abdicated all responsibility in the affair 他已經(jīng)放棄了這件事中的一切職責(zé)。
◎ abdication(n)
★ relinquish(vt)give up or cease to practice,abandon;不再采取行動,不再有某種感覺, 放棄
He had relinquished all hope that she was alive。他已經(jīng)放棄了她還活著的希望。
★ abandon(vt)離開(某人某物某地)而不返回,遺棄、拋棄;離棄
give orders to abandon ship 下令棄船
(vt)give up completely(esp sth began)完全放棄(尤指已經(jīng)開始的事物,如方 案、設(shè)計、計劃等)
The match was abandoned because of bad weather。比賽因惡劣天氣而取消。
(vt) yield completely to(an emotion of impulse)完全屈從于(某種情感或沖動) ~ oneself to sth
He abandoned himself to despair。他陷入絕望中
◎ abandonment(n)
★ surrender(vi,vt) stop resisting an enemy,yield;give up 停止抵抗,投降,屈服,放
棄;~ (oneself)(to sb)
The hijackers finally surrendered to the police。劫機(jī)者終于向警方投降了。
(vt) give up possession of sth/sb when forced by others or by necessity;hand sth/sb over 被迫 放棄對某物(某人)的控制權(quán),交出某事物(某人)
◎ surrender(n)
2、accrue(vi)come as a natural increase or advantage,esp financial;accumulate 自然增長 或利益增加(尤指財務(wù));積累 ~ to sb from sth
Interest will accrue if you keep your money in a saving account 把錢存在儲蓄帳戶里就會生息。
◎ accrual(n)
★ accumulat(e
vt)gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of sth get
sth in this way 積累,聚積(某物)
accumulate enough evidence to ensure his conviction 搜集足夠的證據(jù)以給他定罪。
(vi)increase in number or quantity 增加
Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly。房屋不經(jīng)常打掃,塵土很快就會 越積越多。
◎ accumulative(adj)
◎ accumulation)(n)
★ amass(vt)gather together or collect esp in large quantities (尤指大量的)積累,積聚, 收集(某事物)
amass a fortune 積累財富
★ gather(v)come or bring sb/sth in one place 聚集,集合,召集 ~ sb/sth round sth/sb
a musical evening with the whole family gathered round the piano。全家圍坐在鋼琴旁的音樂晚會
(vt)bring together objects that have been spread about 收集,收攏(分散的東 西) ~ sth together/up
She gathered up her scattered belongings and left。她把自己的散亂物品收好就走了。
3、badger(vt)pester sb,nag sb persistently 糾纏某人,煩擾某人 ~ sb with/for sth ~ sb into doing sth
She kept badgering her father into answering strange questions。她一直纏著爸爸回答奇怪的問題。
(n)徽章
★ bothe(r
vt)cause trouble or annoyance to sb,pester sb 打擾或煩擾某人,給某人添麻煩 ~
sb about/with sb
I am sorry to bother you,but could you tell me the way to the station。對不起打擾一下,
請問去車站怎么走?
(vt) worry sb 使某人不安
The problem has been bothering me for weeks。那問題已經(jīng)困擾了我?guī)讉€星期。
★ pester(vt) annoy or disturb sb esp with frequent requests 打擾或糾纏某人(尤指不斷提 出要求)
Beggars pestered him for money。乞丐纏著向他討錢。
4、baffle(vt)be too difficult for sb to understand;puzzle 使某人困惑,難倒
Police are baffled as to the identity of the killer。警方不解兇手是誰
◎ bafflement(n)
◎ baffling(adj)難以了解的
★ bewilder(vt)puzzle sb;confuse 迷惑某人,混亂
The child was bewildered by the noise and the crowds。孩子讓噪聲和人群弄的暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。
◎bewildering(adj)令人困惑的,費(fèi)解的
◎bewilderment(n)混亂,困惑
★ confuse(vt)(通常用于被動語態(tài))make sb unable to think clearly;puzzle;bewilder 把 某人弄糊涂,使迷惑,使為難
They confused me by asking so many questions。他們提了一大堆問題把我都弄糊涂
了。
(vt)mistake one person or thing with another 混淆 ~ A and/with B
Don’t confuse Austria and Australia。不要把奧地利跟澳大利亞弄混淆了。
5、conjecture(v)(書面語)form and express an opinion not based on firm evidence;guess 推 測,猜測 ~ about sth
Don’t conjectured about the outcome。不要對結(jié)果妄加猜測。
(n)猜測,推測
Your theory is pure conjecture。擬的理論純粹是主觀臆測。
◎ conjectural(adj)推測的,猜測的
★ surmise(vt)(書面語)suppose without having evidence that makes it certain;guess 猜測 某事物,猜想,揣測
With no news from the explorers we can only surmise their present position。我們沒有探險者的消 息,只能猜測他們現(xiàn)在所處的位置。
(n)猜測,猜想
Your first surmise is right。你第一次猜對了。
★ guess(v)give an answer,form an opinion or make a statement about sth without calculating or measuring 猜想,估計、臆測,猜測
6、deranged(adj)精神錯亂的,(尤指)有精神病的,精神失常的
◎ derangement(n)
★ upset(vt)打翻,弄翻(尤指無意的)
(vt)攪亂,擾亂計劃等
7、fiend(n)dvilspirit;devil 惡魔,魔鬼;惡魔般的人,窮兇極惡的人
The fiends of hell 地獄的魔鬼
★ devil(n)魔鬼,鬼怪;惡人,壞蛋,調(diào)皮鬼,淘氣鬼
8、pine(v)unhappy esp because sb has died or gone away 痛苦(尤指因生離死別)
She certainly hasn’t been pining while you were away。你不在的時候她可并不難受。
(vi)long for or miss sb/sth 渴望或想念某人 ~ for sb/sth
They were pining to return home 他們渴望返回家園。
★ yearn(vi) desire strongly or with compassion or tenderness;be filled with longing 渴望, 憐憫,思念,留念,盼望 ~ for sb/sth
They yearned for their home and family 他們懷念故國家園。
★ desire(vt)wish for sth;want 希望得到某事物,想要
We all desire happiness and health。我們都希望幸福和健康。
9、smother(vt)cause sb to die from lack of air;or from not being able to breathe;suffocate (使 某人)窒息,悶死
She felt smothered with kindness ta 感受到難以消受的熱情。
(vt)用灰、沙等熄滅或悶住(火)
Smother the flames from the burning pan with a wet towel。用濕毛巾把鍋里的火撲滅。
★ choke(vi)be unable to breathe because one’s windpipe is blocked by sth 窒息;(掐住或阻 塞氣管)使某人難以呼吸,嗆 ~ on sth
She choked to death on a fish bone。魚刺把她卡住而窒息。
★ suffocate(vt)cause sb to die as a result of not being able to breathe 使某人窒息而死,將某
人悶死
Passengers suffocated in the burning aircraft。乘客在燃燒的飛機(jī)中窒息而亡。
★ throttle(vt)seize sb by the throat and stop him breathing;strangle 扼某人的頸部,使窒 息,勒死
Throttle the guard before robbing the safe。勒死警衛(wèi)然后槍保險箱。
10、throb(vi)(of the heart,pulse,etc)beat,esp faster or stronger than usual (指心臟、 脈搏)跳動(尤指跳動較快或較強(qiáng));悸動,搏動 ~ with sth
Her heart was throbbing with excitement。她興奮的心直跳
(vi)(有規(guī)律)的跳動、顫動,或發(fā)出聲響
The ships engine throbbed quietly。船上的發(fā)動機(jī)發(fā)出輕微的震動。
★ pulse(vi)move with strong regular movements;beat or throb 強(qiáng)列而有規(guī)律的跳動。搏動, 震動
來了。
The news sent the blood pulsing through his veins 這消息使他的血液都沸騰起
(n)脈搏,節(jié)拍,(聲波,光波,電波等的)一次脈動
★ flutter(vi)(of the wings of birds,butterflies,etc )move lightly and quickly (指鳥、 蝴蝶等的翅膀)輕而快的抖動,拍翅
The wings of the bird still fluttered after it had been shot down。那鳥被擊落后翅
膀仍在抖動。
(vi)move about in quick irregular way 迅速而無規(guī)則的亂動;飄動
a flag fluttering from the mast-head 在旗桿上飄揚(yáng)著的旗幟。
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