【每日一練】考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)1（7.3）_跨考網(wǎng)

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　　11. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。此賓語(yǔ)從句中套嵌一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;在此狀語(yǔ)從句中，除主干結(jié)構(gòu)the attraction…was very small but became considerable…，又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾…but became considerable。considerable譯為“相當(dāng)大(或多的)”。

　　譯文：我們?cè)?jīng)假定，分子之間存在著引力，這種引力隨著分子之間距離的不同而有顯著的變化，因而，在間距為千萬(wàn)分之幾毫米的分子之間的引力是很小的，但是分子靠得很近時(shí)，這種引力會(huì)變得相當(dāng)大。

　　12. This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development，which means that we must，for the benefit of coming generations，lexdye enough environmental space so that these generations will be able to address their needs and fulfill their aspirations.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development…。其后緊跟著一個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞sustainable development。此定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞means又套嵌一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，即we must…lexdye enough environmental space。此賓語(yǔ)從句中又有so that結(jié)構(gòu)做此從句的目的狀語(yǔ)。be enshrined in意為“被深深地珍藏(或銘記)在…”，此處轉(zhuǎn)譯為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“納入到”。sustainable development譯為“可持續(xù)發(fā)展”。

　　譯文：這一需要被正式載入可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念之中。所謂可持續(xù)發(fā)展是指:為了子孫后代的利益，我們必須保留足夠的生存環(huán)境空間，以滿足他們的需要，施展抱負(fù)。

　　13. Painting lacks only the means to represent movement in time and space，which is the special property of sculpture and architecture，since a painting is designed to be seen from one point at one time，whereas sculpture and architecture are created to be seen from various points of view，thus supplying movements in space and time.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是Painting lacks only the means…,since…。since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句修飾主句;關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾the means to represent movement in time and space; property在此處應(yīng)譯為“性質(zhì),特性”,不譯為“財(cái)產(chǎn),資產(chǎn)”。

　　譯文：繪畫缺少的僅僅是表現(xiàn)空間與時(shí)間變化的手法，而這正是雕塑與建筑的特性。繪畫時(shí)只要求在某一時(shí)刻，從空間的一點(diǎn)來(lái)欣賞，而雕塑和建筑的創(chuàng)造則要求從各個(gè)角度來(lái)欣賞，這樣就表現(xiàn)出了空間，時(shí)間的變化。

　　14. Once intimidated by arguments that their children would feel more at home in bilingual classes，and that they might lose their heritage in regular classes，these women hxdye since given voice，loudly and persuasively，to what they know from experience that unless they are fluent in the language of their adopted country，their children will never attend college or land any but the most menial of jobs.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是these women hxdye…given voice…to what they know from experience that…。that從句做experience的同位語(yǔ)從句;此從句中又套嵌一個(gè)unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句;Once intimidated by arguments是過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)修飾these women，其施動(dòng)者arguments又有兩個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句修飾限定它。intimidated by arguments意為“被論點(diǎn)搞得驚慌害怕”;feel at home不能直譯為“感到在家”，而譯為“感到自在”;give voice to意為“表達(dá)，表露”;land jobs譯為“找到工作”。

　　譯文：有人說(shuō)，孩子們?cè)陔p語(yǔ)課堂里會(huì)感到更加自由自在，而在正規(guī)班級(jí)會(huì)喪失其傳統(tǒng)文化。這幾位母親曾被這一論點(diǎn)搞得惶恐不安，現(xiàn)在發(fā)表了最響亮，最有說(shuō)服力的意見。從她們自身的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中，他們深知:如果孩子們不熟練掌握他們所移居國(guó)家的語(yǔ)言，除了那些最簡(jiǎn)單的體力活兒外，根本談不上上大學(xué)，也談不上找到理想的工作。

　　15. The presumption on which human cloning rests is that all these cells，though now specialized，still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions needed to make an entire individual and can do so if a way is found to switch them back on.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是The presumption is that all these cells…contain genetic instructions…and can do so…。其中介詞on加which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾主語(yǔ)the presumption; that從句為表語(yǔ)從句;此表語(yǔ)從句中contain和can do并列做all these cells的謂語(yǔ);表語(yǔ)從句中又插入一個(gè)though引導(dǎo)的省略了主語(yǔ)all these cells的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充完整為though these cells are now specialized; needed to make an entire individual為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做genetic instructions的后置定語(yǔ);并列謂語(yǔ)can do so又有if條件句修飾。rest on意為“依賴”。為避免重復(fù)do so代替前文提到的make an entire individual。

　　譯文：人類克隆賴以存在的假定是:雖然所有的細(xì)胞現(xiàn)已全部特化，但卻仍然包含有發(fā)育為完整個(gè)體所需的與母體完全一致的全部遺傳指令;如果能找到一個(gè)方法使失去作用的部分恢復(fù)作用，這些細(xì)胞就能發(fā)育成為完整的個(gè)體。