2019考研英語：盤點歷年考研英語真題中常見的形近詞

　　1. affect v.影響、假裝

　　例：Nicotine adversely affects the functioning of the heart and arteries.

　　尼古丁對心臟和動脈功能有負面影響。

　　effect n.結(jié)果、效力(詞組：have an effect on/upon sth 對···產(chǎn)生影響)v.產(chǎn)生、導致

　　例：My parents’divorce had a big effect on me. 父母離婚給我?guī)砹撕艽蟮挠绊憽?/p>

　　to effect a compromise

　　達成妥協(xié)(注意：此時的effect為動詞)

　　2. complement n.補足(物);補足語 v. 補充;補全

　　例：There will be a written examination to complement the practical test.

　　會有一次書面考試來補充實踐測試。

　　compliment n. 恭維話，贊辭，敬意

　　例：Your presence is a great compliment.

　　承蒙光臨，不勝榮幸。

　　3. council 議事機構(gòu);委員會

　　例：a cabinet council內(nèi)閣會議

　　counsel 商議，勸告

　　例：follow sb's counsel close牢記某人忠告。

　　4. distinctive (Something that is distinctive has a special quality or feature which makes it easily recognizable and different from other things of the same type.) 有特色的，獨特的

　　例：distinctive features 與眾不同的特色

　　distinct(If something is distinct from something else of the same type， it is different or separate from it. ) 有區(qū)別的;

　　(If an idea， thought， or intention is distinct， it is clear and definite. )清楚的，明顯的

　　例：Now that Tony was no longer present， there was a distinct change in her attitude.

　　現(xiàn)在托尼不在場了，她的態(tài)度就發(fā)生了明顯變化。

　　5. intense 激烈的，強烈的， 緊張的

　　例：an intense light強烈的燈光;intense heat酷熱;an intense life奮發(fā)圖強的生活。

　　intensive 加強的，集中的;深入細致的，徹底的

　　例：an intensive bombardment密集炮擊;an intensive study徹底的研究;an intensive reading精讀

　　6. historic (Something that is historic is important in history， or likely to be considered important at some time in the future.) 歷史上著名的;具有歷史意義的

　　例：the historic changes in Eastern Europe.

　　東歐有歷史性意義的變化。

　　historical (Historical people， situations， or things existed in the past and are considered to be a part of history.) 歷史上的

　　例：an important historical figure.

　　一位重要的歷史人物。

　　7. illusion幻覺，錯覺 be under no illusion about sth.對某事不存幻想。

　　delusion欺騙，迷惑 He suffers from the delusion that he's attractive to women.他糊里糊涂地認為自己對女人很有吸引力。

　　8. avert“防止，避免”。

　　avoid“回避，逃避”，avoid bad company避免和壞人來往;I cannot avoid seeing him.我不能不見他。

　　9. coherence“統(tǒng)一，一致性”;

　　cohesion“結(jié)合力，團結(jié)”。the cohesion of molecules分子的結(jié)合力。

　　10. evoke“喚起，引起”;evoke admiration引起羨慕。

　　invoke“祈求(神靈)保佑，乞靈于”，行使(法權(quán));The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.

　　11. impractical (not sensible or efficient or not actually possible)“不切實際的，不現(xiàn)實的”。

　　impracticable (not able to be done or used)“不能實行的，行不通的”;

　　With a river on one side and a steep drop on the other， it is impracticable to widen the road.

　　12. adherence 粘附的，用于比喻的意思。例如：His adherence to the strict letter of the law.

　　adhesion 粘附的，是指物質(zhì)上的

　　13.confident“深信，確信，自信”。

　　confidant“心腹朋友”。She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help.

　　她沒有知心朋友來幫助或是勸告她。